Keyless lock.



J. MACE.

KEYLESS LOCK;

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 6. ms.

1 ,241 ,5321. Patented Oct. 2,1917. 7 M 1 3'SHEETS-SHEET2.

mms E MENTOR I a Mt JzaZes flaw.

ATTORNEY '5'- J. MACE.

KEYLESS LOCK.

' APPLICATION FILED semis. 191s.

' Patented Oct. 2,1917.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3 ATTORNEYS FFTQE.

JULES MACE, 0F GRAS-SE, FRANCE.

KEYLESS LOCK.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Got. 2, rate.

Application filed September 6, 1916. Serial No. 118,613.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, J ULES MACE, a citizen of the Republic of France, residing at Grasse, Alpes Maritimes, France, have invented a new and Improved Keyless Lock, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to improvements in combination locks, and it consists in the constructions, combinations and arrangements herein described and claimed.

An object of my invention is to provide a combination or permutation lock including a plurality of tumblers each of which has suitably disposed permutation elements, it being necessary to rotate the tumblers and to shift them bodily at predetermined times to reach the position at which the unlocking function is effected.

Another object of the invention is to provide an indicator by which the extent to which the tumblers are being turned, may be observed. The indicator is capable of producing an audible sound, and an impact to the finger of the operator. The number of sounds or impacts indicates the degree of rotation of the tumblers and is intelligible only to an operator acquainted with the combination of the lock.

Another object of the invention is to provide adjustable permutation elements which, for this purpose, are made in sections. The elements may thereby be lengthened or shortened as may be required for the purposes of a change in the combination of the lock.

Other objects and advantages will appear from the following specification, reference being had to the accompanying drawing forming a part thereof, in which:

Figure 1 is a cross section of a door and jamb showing my lock applied and in its locked position, the tumblers being in the normal position.

Fig. 2 is a diagrammatic view illustrating graphically the steps necessary to efiect the unlocking by one combination.

Fig. 3 is a diagrammatic sectional view illustrating the association of the tumblers with the locking bits.

Fig. 4: is a cross section of the lock on the line i-i of Fig. 1, the tumblers and tumbler disk being in the normal position.

Fig. 5 is a view similar to Fig. 4: showing the tumbler disk advanced until the permutation elements aline with the permutation latch, this constituting the first step in solving the combination.

Fig. 6 is a cross section on the line 6-6 of Fig.4, parts being in plan.

Fig. 7 is a detail view of the permutation latch.

Figs. 8 to 12, inclusive are diagrammatic views illustrating the successive steps of the combination as shown in Fig. 2.

The lock includes essentially, a pair of circular tumblers 1 and 2. Of these tumblers, 2 is the one of lesser diameter and is disposed within but spaced apart from the outer tumbler 1, both tumblers, however, being concentric to a common axis. The tumblers 1 and 2 are supported by a permutation disk 3 which is provided with a centrally located threaded tumbler shaft opening 4 as shown in Fig. 4. The permutation disk 3 is also formed with a pair of concentric and annular grooves 5 and 6.

The respective tumblers 1 and 2 are provided with enlarged annular bases 7 and 8 which are disposed in the respective grooves 5 and 6, the contact between the two being suflicientlytight so as to cause the tumblers 1 and 2 to turn with the disk 3. The tumblers 1 and 2 are disposed in a certain predetermined position with relation to each other and they ordinarily remain in these relative positions. It is only when the lock is operated improperly, as by one who is not acquainted with the combination that there is a possibility of the relationship of the tumblers being disturbed. An attempt to turn the tumblers in a counterclockwise direction in Fig. 1 will fail because of suitable abutment pins but, the disk 3 may be turned relatively to the tumblers. The disk 3 is not ordinarily turned relatively to the tumblers 1 and 2 but on an occasion where through improper manipulation of the lock, the tumblers were moved out of alinement, the disk 3 may be counter-rotated until both abutment pins strike the abutment which indicates that the tumblers are again in proper alinement.

The tumblers 1 and 2 are prevented from turnlng in a counterclockwise direction in Fig. 1, by pins 9 and 10 which are arranged on the rear edges of the respective tumblers to engage a fixed arm 11. The arm 11 is supported by the bolt plate 47 of the lock which is conventionally shown in Figs. 1 and i of the drawings, it being understood that the demandsof actual practice will fix the designs and proportions of both the easing and the internal working parts.

Arranged on the interior of the 'tumbl'er' 1 is a plurality of permutation elements 13, 14 and 15, while a series of similar permutation elements 16, 17 and 18 is arranged on the interior of the tumbler 2, as is plainly shown in Fig. 1.

It has been stated that the combination of the lock may be changed by-adjustingthe permutation elements. This is done by lengthening and shortening the elements. The element 18 shown in Fig. 1 is a typical one and illustrates plainly how it may be lengthened or shortened. It is made in sections as willbe seen and consists of an inner portion 19 which is substantially rectangular. The element 18 or 13 also consists of ahead portion 20' and a tail portion 21. The head portion 20 is provided with an inclined approach 22 which terminates in a shoulder 23, and the approach 22 insures a noiseless and easy ascent to the permutation latch 26.

The permutation'latch 26 consists of a rectangular'metallic body'which is shaped to fo-rm-abutments27 ofwhich there is one at the upper and'lower side. The abutments 27 are adapted to cooperate with the respective permutation elements of the tumblers land 2 and move into alinement with the shoulders 23, ina manner to be explained. An experienced operator will know when he has turned the tumblers through a predetermined number of degrees to cause the alinement-of the latch 26 with one of the shoulders 23. The tumblers may thus be shifted in a'manner to be explained so as to avoid an actual engagement between the shoulder 23 and its latch. Even should such an engagement occur no detrimental effect will ensue, since the frictional contact between the tumblers and the disk3 is not considerable. -It is only through a small effortthat one or the-other tumbler is'displaced when the'latch 26 has engaged a shoulder 23 and the disk 3 is turned. The surfacesof the permutation elements may be roughened, as shownin Fig. 1.

The latch 26 is supported byan extension 28 which is secured to aplunger 29, as-shown in Fig. 7 The plunger 29 is lodged in-a suitable receptacle 30 which is either secured to or forms a part of the arm 11. The-plunger 29 and its corresponding seat in thereceptacle 30, are non-circular in cross section so that the plunger is'prevented from turning. The plunger 29 has a limited thrust however,- and is kept normallyin the position indicated in Fig. 7 5 a spring 31 is disposed about the receptacle "30 for this purpose, one end of the spring beingin engagementwith a stop 32 on the plunger 29. -The spring'31 being of a retractile nature,

presses ther st'op32 against theedge of the receptacle 30. The function of the spring 31 is to provide a yieldable connection beone of the permutation elements.

The'disk- 3 is moved over to the position shown in Fig. 5, by the rotation of the tumbler wheel 33. This constitutes the performance of the first step of thecombination. The tumbler wheel 33 includes atumbler shaft 34which is'screw threaded at its inner endas at 35 and the threaded end 35 engages the threaded opening 4 of the disk 3. By turning the tumbler wheel 33 in clockwise direction (Figs. 1 and 4) the disk 3- and its associated tumblers Land-2 are carried over into the position shown in Fig. 5. I The permutation latch 26 will then .be disposed between the profiles of the permutation elements '13 and 16, as shown in Fig.5. The second step of the combination" is-nowto-be performed.

A brake holds the disk 3 from free rotation onthe shaft-34. "The-brake consistsof ablock '36 which is supported by a strong leaf spring 37. The spring37 is mountet on-a m-ember38attached to the part 47, a fulcrum pintle 39 being'provided at one end of the spring 37 to permit the brake block' 36 to follow the disk 3 in-its lateral movements. In order-to open the lock,'itis a-requirem-ent in this particular embodiment of the'device, t0 turn the tumbler'whe'el 33 in a clockwise direction in Fig. 1. -If the wheel 33 should be turned in the opposite direction, however, no ill effect will follow since the disk 3 will simply be rotated against the friction of the engagement of the block 36 and thatof the bases 7- and 8 of the tumblers 1: and 2. In this instance, the turning of the wheel 33 is imparted to the disk3 by a pin 40 which engages a stop 41011 the disk-'3. The-absence of these stops 40 and 41 might tend to permit the unthreading of the disk 3 from theportion 35' of-theshaft 34, and this is undesirable.

The brake block 36' just referred to is arranged to follow the -disk'3 which is-susceptible to vertical and lateral movements as will be explained. The engagement of the brake 36 prevents any free and objectionable rotational movement'ofthe disk 3 whenit is shifted asstated.

The tumbler shaft 34 is mounted -ina sleeve 42 which extends forwardly from-a faceplate 43, the shaft 34 having a suitable collar 44 arranged in engagement with the rear surface of the face-plate 43 to prevent endwise thrust of theshaft 3 4. 'Thus it-will be seen that the disk 3 moves relatively to the shaft 34 when the tumbler wheel 33 is turnedas previously explained and as indicated bythe arrow in Fig. 4.

Another pin 45 is provided on the tumbler shaft 34 while a second pin 46 is provided on the tumbler disk 3, as shown in Fig. 4. As the disk 3, approaches the pin 45 and nears the position shown in Fig. 5, the disk pin 46 will become engaged by the shaft pin 45. This constitutes the first step of the combination, the latch 26 being then in alinement with the profiles of the permutation elements, as was previously explained. It will be seen in Figs. 1 and 4 that the lock housing 12 is provided with a vertically disposed dovetailed slideway 24 and a horizontally disposed dovetailed slideway 25. The face plate 43 is correspondingly dovetailed to fit the slideway 24 as shown in Fig. 6.

Disposed in the slideway 25 and on the interior of the housing 12, is an inner bolt plate 47 which has suitably dovetailed edges to conform to the surfaces of the slideway. The inner bolt plate 47 has an integrally formed bolt 48 at one side as shown in Fig. 1. For this reason thebolt plate 47 shall be termed the bolt plate since the movements of the bolt plate 47 advance and retract the bolt 48 from the keeper 49 on the adjacent door jamb. The object of performing the successive steps of the combinations, as will presently be followed, is to remove the obstructions from the free lateral movement of the bolt plate 47 so that the bolt 48 can be retracted and the door opened.

The obstructions to the lateral movement of the bolt plate 47 consist of bits 50 and 51 which are rigidly supported on a bit shank 52 in turn secured to the housing 12. The bits 50 and 51 are disposed in engagement with the tumblers 2 and 1, respectively as shown in Figs. 1 and 3. This engagement prevents the tumblers 1 and 2, as well as the whole lock mechanism, from moving sidewise. The tumblers 1 and 2 have slots 53 and 54 respectively formed on the rear edges and these slots are normally in radial alinement as shown in Fig. 1. When the tumblers have been properly rotated to bring the slots 53 and 54 into alinement with the bits 50 and 51, then the disk 3 and .bolt plate 47 may be moved laterally to open the lock, the tumblers then sliding over the bits 50 and 51, as indicated in dot and dash lines in Figs. 1 and 3.

It has been explained that the first step of the combination consists in turning the shaft 34 until the pin 45 engages the pin 46 on the disk 3. The performance of the second step of the combination consists in continuing to turn the tumbler wheel in a clockwise direction in Fig. 1. Since the pins 45 and 46 are in engagement, it is evident that the tumbler disk 3 will turn with the shaft 34. The disk 3 will turnbut a short distance before the upper abutment 27 of the latch 26 will become engaged by the approach 22 of the head portion of the permutation element 13, as shown in Fig. 1. By reference to Fig. 2, it will be seen that the amount of this movement is from a to Z), or a distance of about 15.

The continued rotation of the tumbler wheel 33 will cause the approach 22 to move over the abutment 27 until it engages the shoulder 23 of the element 13. This position, when reached, constitutes the second step of the combination.

In performing the third step of the combination, it is first necessary to move the shoulder 23 of the element 13 out of registration with the latch 26. This is done by lifting the disk and the carried tumblers 1 and 2, bodily, the face plate 43 then sliding vertically in the dovetailed way 24. The disk 3 has now been elevated and the latch 26 freed from engagement with the shoulder 23 of the element 13. The latch 26 may now pass between the profile of the element 13 and the surface of the inner tumbler 2 upon further rotation of the disk 3 through the medium of the tumbler wheel 33. The rotation of the disk 3 is now continued in a clockwise direction while it remains in the elevated position until the lower abutment 27 of the latch 26 engages the shoulder 23 of the next permutation element 17. This position is shown in Fig. 8 and constitutes the end of the third step of the combination. The parts may be said to now come momentarily to rest but in actual practice the operator will continue to rotate the tumbler disk 3, since he will be warned of the approach to the various abutments 23 so that he may elevate and lower the disk as may be required at the proper time. This warning mechanism will be presently described.

At the beginning of the fourth step, the tumbler wheel 83 is moved downwardly so as to free the shoulder 23 of the element 17 from the latch 26. Further rotation of'the wheel 33, and consequently the disk 3, will dispose the latch 26 between the profile of the permutation element 17 and the interior of the tumbler 1. This may be indirectly observed in Fig. 8, in which it may be seen that the disk 3 has again been moved clownwardly to the dot and dash line position. This position indicates the end of the fourth step of the combination, and the operator will immediately again elevate the disk 3 from the lower dotted line position. The full line position in Fig. 9 shows the disk 3 in the act of raising, it being nearly fully elevated. When the disk is fully elevated, the latch 26 will be disposed between the element 14 and the tumbler 2 whereupon the fifth step may be accomplished.

The fifth step of the combination consists in continuing the turning of the tumbler wheel 33 until the shoulder 23 of the element 18 is engaged by the latch 26, whereupon, as shown in Fig. 10, the disk 3 is again lowered. The sixth step now "consists'in rotating theidiskiuntil t-he-shoulder 23 of the element '15 is-reached whereupon the disk is elevated. At the completion of the-seventh step, the shoulder:'23 of the element 16- will be engaged, the=disk 3-'still being elevated as-indicated by dottedd'ines in Fig. 12. ilt will also be-obs'erved from this view, thatthe tumbler slots 53 and-54c are almost in registration with thebits 50 and 5.1.

WVhen'the disk 3 is now lowered the slots 53' and-54will be in registration with the bitsy50-and 51: and-theeighth step ofil'the combination may then be performed. zl he eighth step consists in moving the tumbler Wheel 33 and its carried parts, \l'aterally to theright, as in -Figs; 1 and:3. Thisisnow possible since the slots 53- and-54 move over the bits-50 and 51: and thus permit-the retraction 'of the=bolt 48 from thekeepers-9,

' whereupon the door may be opened.

The 'degrees ofrotation of the tumblers 1 and Qmay "be observed by'the operator and for this purpose, I provide a mecha'n ism' which indicates the different positions by producing audible sounds and light impacts to the finger. Both are produced by the same device and either may be observed. This indicator mechanism is necessary to indicate -the instanceswhen the respective shoulders 23 of the permutationielements 13, etc, reach the abutments 27 of thealatch 26. The engagementmf the shoulder- 23 with the-latch 26 does-not prevent the tumbler w wheel 33 from-=beingturned farther,1 as is evident from the previous description and from Figs. 6 and 7 Therefore the indicator mechanism must perform the function of informing the operator :of'the time whenthe two engage so-that he-may-perform the successive steps.'properly. If an error is made,-the tumblers 1 and 2 must be turned back (counterclockwise in Fig. 1)'u=ntil:the pins 9 and 10 strike the arm-11 which-is the starting position.

Theindicator as above described consists of a pulsator'pin-55 which protrudes 'slightly beyond the front of the face plate 43, as shown in Fig. 1. The operator may place his'finger over the pin and feel its pulsations. The pulsationsof the'pin 55 'are produced by an eccentric collar 56wl1ich is secured in position on a bracket 57 pendent from the faceplate 43. 'The collar 56= has a pair of inclined guideways 58 with which a pin 59 on the pulsator 55 engages. As the pulsator 55' rotates, the pin 59 will mount the incline 58 and fall to the level of the next incline at the place 'where'the first incline ends and thusproduce a click. The pulsator pin 55 is geared in-such a manner that a'click or impulse is performed at'every 15 degrees of rotation of tlie disk' 3, this being a'featu're presently to be explained.

Thepulsator 55 is rotated by a masteri gear menses 60 which is mounted on the shaft34. The gear '60 engages: a" pinion 61 mounted on the pulsator 55vand:rotatestl1e pulsator 55, as indicated in Fig.2 =L. The pin" 59 is pressed into engagement withthe inclined ways 58, by a TteIISl'OII spring .62.

It has been zstated that an impulse occurs at every 151degrees of rotation ofthe disk-3. While I have employed thisspeci-fie embodi' ment, it"is obviously possible by changing the gearing "60 and 61' and thepermutation elements. 13 etc. to produce other combinations, 'the:manner'in which thenopening 'of the lock is'directed by the aid of the impulses of thepu lsator: pin-'55,. isgraphically displayedin Fig;f;2. Reference to Fig. 1 showsthedatch-QG to be a sli ghtdistance from theesho-ul der of thei first element 13, while the'stop pins' 9aand are in engagement with the arm 11;?this is] the normal position' of thelock mechanism.

vL In .operatingthe combination as has been previously explained, the:disk 3is rotated until ithed'atch 26*t-engages the shoulder'23 of the first element 13 which is a: distance of about (see- Fig. 2)'- and the first impulse or 'click of the pin 55 is produced. This occurs *at the point 7) in Fig. 2 in whi'chthe path of the disk 3 is developed by the heavy line. "The'first click havin been produced, the operator elevates the disk 3 (notethe heavy line) and the rotation continues through 60, a click-being produced at and at The operator is thus apprised I of the position of the tumblers and again lowers, the 'disk 3. The total coaxial movement'has now amounted to- 75, as indicated-in Fig. 8 from which, and the succeeding figures, the-passage of the bit slots 53 and 54 maybe observed.

The60 point at C (Fig. 2)-having been reached, the disk 3 is lowered, the subsequent manipulations of the disk 3 being directed as explained in the previous description and directed by the clicks or pulsations of thepin 55.' The audible sounds or impulses to be observed and the movements of the disk 3 inope'rating the combination are as follows, referencebeing again directed to Fig. 2 :rotate (15)one c1ick,'up; rotate (30) two clicks(30) two-clicks, down; rotate (30) two clicks(30) two clicks,'-up; rotate (30) two clicks'(30) two CllCl S,"(IlO\VI1; rotate (30?) two clicks (30) twoclicks''(30) two clicks, up; rotate (30) two clicks-down and move tum bler' disk 33-=laterally to unlock.

The number of'the pulsations of the pin 55 thus indicates the position of the permutation elements and the operator is kept advised of the progress of; the tumblers 1 and 2. If the opera-toris acquainted with the combination, he will know when to elevate and lower'the tumbler wheel33 hereinbefore pointed out.

The combination of the lock may be changed by altering the permutation elements which, as previously indicated, are adjustable. The portions 19, 20 and 21 of each element have dove-tailed keys 63 which fit tightly into annular dovetailed keyways 64: in the first instance, through lateral openings 65. The intermediate portions 19 of the permutation elements may be subtracted or added as the length of each element is required to be. The efiect of the ability to change the portions of the permutation elements, means that an almost endless variety of combinations may be created since the stopshoulders 23 can be disposed of anywhere within the 360 of the circumference of the tumblers. By doing so, a difierent modeof operation will have to be observed in order to obtain the freedom of the locking bolt 48.

-While I have described and illustrated one specific embodiment of my invention, it is obvious that many variations in the construction and method of operation may be effected without departing from the spirit of the invention or the scope of the appended claims.

What I claim is:

1. In a lock; the combination of a casing, tumblers concentrically disposed, permutation elements having shoulders arranged on the tumblers in annular opposition, a latch between the tumblers normally disposed out of alinement with the permutation elements, and means for coaXially advancing the permutation elements into alinement with the latch and for bodily moving the tumblers in unlocking.

2. In a lock; the combination of a casing, a bolt plate having a bolt, circular tumblers concentrically disposed supported by said bolt plate, each of said tumblers having a bit passage, bits supported by the casing in engagement with the tumblers, permutation elements having shoulders arranged on the tumblers in annular opposition, a latch between the tumblers normally disposed out of alinement with the permutation elements, means for laterally advancing the permutation elements into alinement with the latch, and associated means for rotating the tumblers and bodily moving them whereby to bring the bit passages into registration with the bits. I

3. In a lock; the combination of a casing, tumblers concentrically disposed, each of the tumblers having a bit passage, a bolt plate supporting the tumblers, bits fixed on the casing and" engaged by the tumblers, permutation elements on the tumblers, a latch between the tumblers normally out of alinement with the permutation elements, means for laterally advancing the tumblers and permutation elements into alinement with the latch, andmeans for advancing the t m r bit pas ages into r gistration with the bits, said means being normally ineffectual and for bodily moving the tum-' blers in unlocking. I

4.- In a lock; the combination of a casing, tumblers concentrically disposed, each of the tumblers having a bit passage, a bolt plate having a locking bolt, bits on the casing in engagement with the tumblers, permutation elements on the tumblers, a latch between the tumblers normally out of alinement with the permutation elements, means for laterally advancing the permutation elements into alinement with the latch, means adapted to advance the tumbler bit passages into registration with the bits, said means being normally ineffectual, and a headportion having a shoulder included in each permutation element engageable by the latch for retarding the advance of the tumblers, said tumblers being bodily movable in unlocking.

5. In a lock; the combination of a fixed latch, laterally movable and rotatable tumblers, permutation elements/on the tumblers in annular opposition and normally out of the plane of the latch, means for advancing the permutation elements laterally into the plane of the latch, and means for subsequently rotating the tumblers, said tumblers being bodily movable in unlocking.

6. In a lock; the combination of a relatively fixed latch, circular movable and rotatable tumblers having bit passages, stationary bits engaged by the tumblers, permutation elements on the tumblers in annular opposition and normally out of the plane of the latch, means for advancing the permutation elements laterally into alinement with the latch, means for subsequently rotating the tumblers and adapted to bring the bit passages into registration with the bits, and shouldered portions included in the permutation elements engageable by the latch, said tumblers being bodily movable in unlocking.

7 In a lock; the combination of a relatively fixed latch, circular movable and rotatable tumblers having bit passages, a bolt plate supporting the tumblers, "locking bits engaged by the tumblers, permutation elements on the tumblers in annular opposition and normally out of the plane of the latch, means for advancing the permutation elements laterally into alinement with the latch, means for subsequently rotating the tumblers and adapted-to bring the bit passages into registration with the bits, and shouldered portions included in the permutation elements adapted to be alternately engaged by the latch and for bodily moving the tumblers in unlocking.

8. In a lock; the combination ofa relatively fixed latch, circular movable-and rotatable tumblers having bit passages, a bolt plate supporting the tumblers, locking bits the. shouldered engaged by the tumblers, permutation elements on the tumblers in annular :opposi tion and normally out of-tl1e-plane-of the latch, means for advancing the permutation elements laterally into alinement With the latch, means for subsequentlyrotating the tumblersand adapted to bring the bit passages into registration With -the-bits, and shouldered portions included in the permutation. elements adapted to be alternately engaged by the latch, and meansfor freeing portion? of the permutation element. H

v 9 In ,a-loc'k; the combination ofa relatively .fixedlatch, circular-movable and. r0- tatable tumblers havingbit passages, aibolt plate supporting. the tumblers, locking; bits engaged bythe tumblers, permutation elements on. the tumblers in annular. opposition; and "normally out of the plane of the latch, means for advancing-the-permutation elements laterally "into. alinement With the v latch,.means for subsequentlyf'rotating;the

tumblers and adaptedto bring; the. bit :passages into registration With the bits, shouldered portions included .in the permutation elements adapted to be-alternatelyengaged by the latch, and. means for freeing the shouldered; portion of: the permutation. ele ments, said tumblers beingbodilymovable in unlocking.

10., Ina lockg. thecombinationofva relatively-fixed latch, a laterally-movable and rotatable tumbler disk, I circular coneen trically disposed tumblers supported byithe disk, permutation elements on 'the tumblers in annular-opposition and normally out 'of the plane of the latch,a relatively fixed: but rotatable tumbler shaft having; -a threaded end entering the disk, a faceplatesupporting the shaft, means including a; tumbler Wheel adapted to be turned'-for-advancing the permutationelements into-the plane'of the latch, pinson the 'diskandshaft adapted to engage When the planes of the permutation elements and latchcoineide to effect the subsequent rotationof the diskrin one direction upon" further turning :of the stumbler Wheel, said tumblers being bodily mov able in unlocking.

11. In a lock; the combination of-a.rela.

- tivelyqfixed latch, a laterally, movable and rotatable tumble disk, circular concentrically disposed: tumblers supported by the dish-permutation elements on the tumblers in:annular-opposition andnormally'out of:

the plane ofthe latch, a relatively-fixedbut rotatable tumbler-shaft having a-threaded end entering the disk, means including; a tumbler Wheel adapted to be turne'dfor. advancing the permutation elements into the plane ofthe -latch, -pinson the disk and shaft adaptedto engage When theplanes of the permutation elements. and-latch coincide to eifeet the subsequent;rotation of the disle' in one "direction-uponfurther turning .of the tumbler Wheel, and means for indicating-the degrees :ofrotation ofithe disk,

12. In: a lock; the combinationof the tumblerndisk having concentric grooves and anizaxia'l. threaded opening, tumblers having enlarged. bases disposed in the grooves, a tumblershaft,--.a:pin onthe 'endrof the shaft andonthe adjacent side of the diskadapted toengiagewvhen the:shaftzishturnedin one direction, a tumbler shaft ha'vingga threaded end engaging the disk opening, a tumbler Wheel; onthe shaftadapted to i be turned in the oppositedirection to move the disk, another pin on theshaft and on the: opposite and adjaeentside of the ,di'sk--' adapted to engage When-the shaft is subsequently turned inithe same direction, and a collar preventing the end-thrust of the-shaft 13;" In a lock; the ,combination ,ofwthe tumbler disk having, concentric-grooves and an axial threaded opening-tumblers having enlarged bases. disposed1in-thevgrooves, a tumblershaft,.a pin-0n the end of .theshaft and on theadjacentside of thedisk:adaeptedto engage when the shaft is turned in one direction, a. tumbler shaft having a threaded end. engaging-ythe disk. opening,. a tumbler Wheel on the shaft adapted to .be turned in the opposite direction. to move the disk, an other "pin. on. the shaft and on the opposite and adjacent side of, the disk adaptedto engage when the shaft is subsequently turned in the same direction, a collar preventmgthe endthrust of theshaft, and atbrakel for. the disk 14. In a lock; thecombination of'eircular concentric tumblers, a relatively fixed: latch therebetWee-n, a .supporting,tumbler .plate for disk for the: tumblers, permutation elements arranged alternately on the respective outer and inner surfaces of the tumblers adjacent to -the latehnto form a. variant. passage, the planesiof the elements and latchbeingout ofalinement, a tumblershaft having, a threaded connection. with the tumbler disk, the shaft beingheld from end .thrust,'. the threaded connection alini ng, the permutation elements wand the latch when the shaft .is turned in onedirection, associated conneetible meansnbetween the shaft and diskato rotate the 1' disk upone subsequent .turning: of I the shaft, shoulders included in [the headof each Permutation elementl engageableby thelatch alternately,andmeans foroff-setting, the re speetive shoulders from. the latch to permit subsequent 'turningpf-theitumblers 1-5.Int anlockthe combination of the tumbler plate or. disk,.a tumbler shaft 1having;.a threaded engagement With: the disk} means for preventing end I thrust of" the shaft, a tumbler Wheel for turning the shaft and'displacing: the :disk laterally, engaging pins. for EI'OiJZlG-illgkiih disk :upon subsequently turning,;;the: tumblers-wheel in one. direction,

a brake engaging the periphery of the disk, and pivotal supporting connections permitting the brake to follow the disk in its lateral displacements.

16. In a lock; the combination of a relatively fixed latch, permutation elements out of the plane of the latch, tumblers sup porting the permutation elements, a plate or disk supporting the tumblers, a tumbler shaft, a bolt plate supporting the shaft, means for causing the planes of the permutation elements and the latch to coincide, engageable means for subsequently causing the disk to rotate in one direction, shouldered head portions included in the permutation elements for engaging the latch, an indicator for revealing the moment of engagement, and means for disengaging the latch and shoulder.

17. In a lock: the combination of a casing, a plate or disk having concentric grooves and an axial threaded opening, tumblers having enlarged bases disposed in the grooves, a tumbler shaft having a threaded end engaging the disk opening, a pin on the end of he shaft and on the adjacent side of the disk adapted to engage when the shaft is turned in one direction, a stop pin on each tumbler, and a stop arm engageable by the plus.

18. In a lock; the combination of a casing, an arm on the casing, a receptacle on the arm, a plunger in the receptacle, a yieldable connection therebetween, a semi-yielding arm on the plunger, a latch on the end of the arm, the latch having abutments, permutation elements associated with the latch but being normally out of the plane of the latch, shouldered portions included in the said elements, tumblers supporting the permutation elements, a permutation plate or disk supporting the tumblers, and means for displacing the disk to coincide the planes of a latch and permutation elements.

19. In. a lock; the combination of a tumbler having an annular dovetailed groove and a side opening, permutation elements, having dovetailed keys to be seated in the annular groove, the permutation elements including a shouldered head portion.

20. In a lock; the combination of a relatively fixed latch, concentric tumblers, permutation elements on the tumblers normally out of the plane of the latch, means for bringing the elements into the plane of the latch, an arm supporting the latch, a noncircular plunger on the arm, a receptacle for the plunger, a support for the receptacle, and a retractile spring connection between the plunger and the receptacle.

21. In a lock; the combination of the tumbler shaft, a face plate having a collar in Copies of this patent may be obtained for which the tumbler shaft is disposed, the

face plate having an aperture, a pulsator for protruding through the aperture, a collar having a plurality of inclines, a pin on the pulsator engaging the inclines, a spring pressing the pin into engagement, and a gear train between the tumbler shaft and the pulsator for rotating the latter.

22. In a lock; the combination of the tumbler shaft, a face plate or disk having a collar in which the tumbler shaft is dis posed, the face plate having an aperture, a pulsator for protruding through the aperture, a collar having a plurality of inclines, a pin on the pulsator engaging the inclines, a spring pressing the pin into engagement, a pinion on the pulsator, and a gear on the tumbler shaft to rotate the pinion.

23. In a lock; the combination of a casing, a bolt plate having a bolt adapted to engage a keeper, rotatable concentric tumblers having bit slots and supported by the face plate, bits supported by the casing in engagement with the tumblers, means for rotating the tumblers adapted to aline the slots and bits, and elements on the tumblers for obstructing the rotational movement of said tumblers.

24. In a lock, the combination of a casing, a bolt plate having a bolt adapted to engage a keeper, rotatable concentric tumblers having bit slots and supported by the face plate, bits supported by the casing in engagement with the tumblers, means for rotating the tumblers adapted to aline the slots and bits, elements on the tumblers for obstructing the rotational movement of said tumblers, and means for overcoming the obstructions to obtain the alinement of the slots and bits.

25. In a lock; the combination of a casing, bits on the casing, a bolt plate adapted to slide horizontally on the casing and having a bolt, concentric tumblers supported by the bolt plate in engagement with the bits, the tumblers having radially alined bit passages or slots normally out of registration with the bits, permutation elements in annular opposition on the tumblers to form a variant passage, a latch in the passage engageable by the permutation elements, means for r0- tating the tumblers adapted to bring the bit passages or slots into registration with the bits, and means associated with the tumblers and bolt plate for moving the tumblers vertically and disengaging the permutation elements from the latch successively to permit the rotation of the tumblers.

JULES MACE.

Witnessed by- ALLAN MAorARLANn, PAUL H. CRAM.

five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Eatents,

Washington, D. G, 

